Rock Classification Essay - 703 Words

October 11, 1999 Classifying Rocks Rocks are classified to make it easier on people to identify them in the future. This can be done by a numerous amount of ways. Each rock type has their own specific ways, but there are two distinct characteristics that apply to all. These are texture and composition. These two, along with many others helps to classify igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are classified first by texture. This is broken down mainly into grain size. First there are intrusive, or plutonic igneous rocks. These types of rocks cool within the crust and forms large, visible crystals. The opposite would be extrusive, or volcanic rocks. These cool at the surface rapidly, forming small†¦show more content†¦First you have limestone, which can be either organic or inorganic. An example would be fossiliferous or chalk. Next is dolostone, and it is formed from dolomite. Chert is next; and can be organic or inorganic also. Flint and jasper are some examples of chert. Rock salt and gypsum are what are known as evaporites. These form from the evaporation of saline waters in an arid environment. Finally there is coal, which is organic and forms from buried plant remains and carbon. There is one more type of rock that is classified the same way as the previous two. Metamorphic rocks are pre-existing rocks that are changed by heat and pressure. The pre-existing rock is called the parent rock, or protolith. Metamorphism occurs in these rocks when the minerals become instable. There are two types of metamorphism, contact and regional. Contact is high temperature, low pressure. It is basically a massive rock that is baked. Regional is high pressure and low temperature. Strong fabric, or layering, develops from this kind of metamorphism. Along with metamorphism, you get texture changes. The first is recrystallization, which is where you get new minerals from old. Some of the new minerals that form are micas, feldspars, and garnet. You can also get foliation, which is a planar fabric in a metamorphic rock. Simply, this is the alignment of minerals within the rock that are platy. Types of foliation are slaty cleavage, schistosity, and gneissic layering.Show MoreRelatedThermal Conductivity Of Soil And Rock Classification Manual837 Words à ‚  |  4 Pagesapproach is summarized. There are various methods for measuring this parameter including empirical formulas, laboratory tests, and in-situ tests. Empirical Formula and Soil Classification Soil and rock classification manual (Salomone et al. 1989) published by international ground source heat pump association categorizes soil/rock into different groups and typical values to each group are given. Also, many empirical formulas based on the soil properties (water content, saturation, porosity) are availableRead MoreThe Effects Of Soil And On Soil Classifications1563 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Report: -1 1. Vegetation causing change of Soil classifications Every year Australia suffers from 50,000 house damages and these damages may be caused by building defects and design and material problems or inappropriate construction techniques can be prime issue. But, most often movement in soil can be the cause. Roughly one fifth of the country is covered in clay which expands and shrinks as the moisture amount changes by weather cycles going through wet to dry. Influence of trees canRead More Classifying Rocks Essay703 Words   |  3 PagesClassifying Rocks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rocks are classified to make it easier on people to identify them in the future. This can be done by a numerous amount of ways. Each rock type has their own specific ways, but there are two distinct characteristics that apply to all. These are texture and composition. These two, along with many others helps to classify igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Igneous rocks are classified first by texture. This is broken down mainly into grain size. First thereRead MoreThe Characteristics Of Rocks And Rocks981 Words   |  4 Pagesclass notes, â€Å"a rock is any solid earth material that is made up of one or more minerals† (Chapter 4). Rocks come in several different varieties ranging from very soft to very hard. Likewise, rocks form in a variety of different ways. The physical characteristics of the rocks can give information on how the specific rock being examined was formed. But the process is not as simple as looking at a rock and figuring out the origin and formation of the rock. 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